Integrated performance of stepped and single basin solar stills with mini solar pond

An attempt is made to enhance the productivity of the solar stills by connecting a mini solar pond, stepped solar still and a single basin solar still in series. Experiment is also carried out by replacing the single basin solar still into a wick type solar still. For further augmentation of the yield, baffle plate, pebble, fins, wicks and sponges are added. Day and night productivity of the solar stills for these modifications is studied. Daily efficiency and percentage increase in productivity for these modifications are also studied. Industrial effluent water is used as feed. Theoretical analysis gives very good agreement with experimental results.     

Effect of biodiesel fuel properties and formation of NOx emissions: a review

Biodiesel is revealed as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel for a CI engine and it can palliate regulated and unregulated emissions. Biodiesel is substantially found to reduce the emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter, but increasing (10–15%) oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) emissions compared with conventional diesel fuel. The accurate cause for NO_x emission is still vague. This paper reviews the effect of biodiesel properties and formation of NO_x emissions and it is classified in three sections. The first section bestows the NO_x formation mechanisms. The second edition deals with the influence of formation and biodiesel properties on NO_x emissions. Finally, a few prevailing conclusions are epitomised, and more researches are pointed out.     

Magnetic properties of Ni–Co doped barium strontium hexaferrite

A series of Ni–Co substituted barium strontium hexaferrite materials, Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Ni _x Co _x Fe_12–2x O₁₉ (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mol%) was synthesized by the sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that the Ni–Co substitutions maintain in a single hexagonal magnetoplumbite phase. The room temperature magnetic properties and the cation site preferences of Ni–Co substituted ferrite were investigated by VSM. Substitutions led to decrease in coercivity while saturation magnetization remains the almost same. It indicates that the saturation magnetization (52.81–59.8 Am²/kg) and coercivity (69.83–804.97 Oe) of barium strontium hexaferrite samples can be varied over a very wide range by an appropriate amount of Ni–Co doping contents.     

Deep Learning Enabled Object Detection and Tracking Model for Big Data Environment

Recently, big data becomes evitable due to massive increase in the generation of data in real time application. Presently, object detection and tracking applications becomes popular among research communities and finds useful in different applications namely vehicle navigation, augmented reality, surveillance, etc. This paper introduces an effective deep learning based object tracker using Automated Image Annotation with Inception v2 based Faster RCNN (AIA-IFRCNN) model in big data environment. The AIA-IFRCNN model annotates the images by Discriminative Correlation Filter (DCF) with Channel and Spatial Reliability tracker (CSR), named DCF-CSRT model. The AIA-IFRCNN technique employs Faster RCNN for object detection and tracking, which comprises region proposal network (RPN) and Fast R-CNN. In addition, inception v2 model is applied as a shared convolution neural network (CNN) to generate the feature map. Lastly, softmax layer is applied to perform classification task. The effectiveness of the AIA-IFRCNN method undergoes experimentation against a benchmark dataset and the results are assessed under diverse aspects with maximum detection accuracy of 97.77%.     

Densification and microstructural evolution of spark plasma sintered NiTi shape memory alloy

The effect of particle size and sintering temperature on the densification and microstructural characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi-SMA) has been investigated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The Ni and Ti elements in different particle sizes were alloyed in the composition of Ni_50.6Ti_49.4. The milled NiTi powders were consolidated using SPS process in a temperature range of 700–900?°C. The densification was characterized by plotting temperature, current and relative displacement of punch as a function of holding time. The results showed that a maximum relative density of ～98% can be achieved for NiTi-SMA with an average particle size of 10?µm at a sintering temperature of 900?°C. The microstructure of the sintered NiTi-SMA was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and composition of NiTi alloy was analyzed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The effect of sintering temperature on the microstructural evolution and transformation was also studied.     

Exponential Synchronization of Inertial Memristor-Based Neural Networks with Time Delay Using Average Impulsive Interval Approach

Neural Processing Letters - This paper deals with the impulsive synchronization problem for a class of inertial memristor-based neural networks (IMNNs) with time delays by applying average...     

Global dissipativity of memristor-based complex-valued neural networks with time-varying delays

Memristor is the new model two-terminal nonlinear circuit device in electronic circuit theory. This paper deals with the problem of global dissipativity and global exponential dissipativity for memristor-based complex-valued neural networks (MCVNNs) with time-varying delays. Sufficient global dissipativity conditions are derived from the theory of M-matrix analysis, and the globally attractive set as well as the positive invariant set is established. By constructing Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and using a linear matrix inequality technique, some new sufficient conditions on global dissipativity and global exponential dissipativity of MCVNNs are derived. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed theoretical results.     

Enhanced Resource Blocks Management in D2D based Communication for 5G Networks

D2D based communication holds a promising future for 5G networks as they are efficient and can yield high data rates, good signal to noise interference ratio, improved resource-block uploading time, minimized delay from one end to the other and conserved power for transmission. The traditional system of cellular type contains cell edge clients who need a larger resource blocks count as well as time to upload data. Hence the quality of service will be reduced. The relay scheme in the proposal for cooperative type D2D networks is pivoted on the value of channel gain as well as transmission link distance. For bringing down the resource blocks’ count as well as uploading time, the paper is proposing a capable scheme of selection of relays that employs communication of D2D in the situations of uplinking. To begin with, in a cell modeling is done. It contains D2D pairs of multiple types as well as cellular clients. Next, the analysis related to issues of allocating resources as well as control of power is done. In order to lessen the resource blocks as well as their uploading time, the paper in proposal suggests a better blocks management mechanism that uses D2D based communication. Simulated output infers that the method in the proposal is superior to the present methods as far as time to upload contents; resource blocks, SINR, throughput as well as rates of data and Energy Consumption are concerned. Added to that, the stated method conserves 43% of the Energy Consumption of the network clients and while doing that the time to upload the contents is not affected.

     

Comparative Analysis of Algorithms Governing Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks

Wireless Personal Communications - Wireless Communication technology has completely adopted the dynamic spectrum access policy due to the prevailing issues of spectrum scarcity. Cognitive Radio...     

Formation and characterization of bi-layer oxide coating on carbon-steel for improving corrosion resistance

Attempts were made to improve the corrosion resistance of carbon steel by developing an additional barrier layer of magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄) on magnetite (Fe₃O₄) film formed at high temperature in aqueous medium. The magnetite film was developed by exposing the carbon steel specimen in LiOH solution at 265°C for 10days. Subsequently, the magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄) film was deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. X-ray diffraction analysis of the film revealed the formation of spinel phase of MgFe₂O₄. Relative atomic ratio of Mg and Fe estimated from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further confirmed the spinel phase of MgFe₂O₄. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques were used to analyze the film surface morphology. The corrosion behavior of the coated specimens was studied electrochemically. Impedance measurements showed an increase in impedance by more than two times in PLD coated samples compared to the Fe₃O₄ coated carbon-steel.